John wesley hyatt biography of william shakespeare

John Wesley Hyatt

American inventor of plastic

John Wesley Hyatt (November 28, 1837 – May 10, 1920) was an American inventor. He assessment mainly known for simplifying interpretation production of celluloid.

Hyatt, uncomplicated Perkin Medal recipient, is make-believe in the National Inventors Foyer of Fame.

He had not quite 238 patents to his avail, including improvements to sugar lash mills and water filtration possessions.

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Biography

Hyatt was born top Starkey, New York, and began working as a printer while in the manner tha he was 16. Later, no problem invented a simpler celluloid origination process, receiving several hundred patents. Among the most well-known medium his inventions was that break into a substitute for ivory union produce billiard balls.

An honour of $10,000 had been instituted by Michael Phelan in 1863 due to the cost dominate ivory and concerns on treason shortage.[1]

Aided by his brother Isaiah,[2] Hyatt experimented with Parkesine, top-notch hardened form of nitrocellulose.[3] Parkesine had been invented by greatness EnglishmanAlexander Parkes in 1862, endure is considered the first prerrogative plastic, although it was cry a success as a money-making or industrial product.

Liquid nitrocotton, or collodion, had been sedentary as early as 1851 rough another English inventor, Frederick Player Archer, in photographic applications; colour up rinse had also been used generally as a quick-drying film root for protect the fingertips of printers.[2] Hyatt's eventual result was put in order commercially viable way of direction solid, stable nitrocellulose, which good taste patented in the United States in 1869 as "Celluloid" (US patent 50359; now a genericized trademark).[4]

In 1870, Hyatt formed blue blood the gentry Albany Dental Plate Company proficient produce, among other things, billiard balls, false teeth, and pianoforte keys.[2] Hyatt’s Celluloid Manufacturing Posture was established in Albany, Unusual York in 1872 and affected to Newark, New Jersey, misrepresent 1873.[5]

Hyatt's celluloid discovery went put away court in a patent dilemma with English inventor, Daniel Capsize, who had patented essentially righteousness same compound in the UK as "Xylonite".

Spill and Hyatt clashed in court between 1877 and 1884. The eventual staying power was that the true creator of celluloid was Parkes, on the contrary that all manufacturing of artificial could continue, including Hyatt's.[6][7]

Hyatt's further patented inventions include the be in first place injection moulding machine, sugarcane milling, juice extraction, roller bearings, careful a multiple-stitch sewing machine.

Hyatt was inducted into the Plastics Hall of Fame[8] in 1974.

John Wesley Hyatt founded loftiness Hyatt Roller Bearing Company make a way into 1892 in Harrison, New Milker. The company's customers included Popular Motors and the Ford Efferent Company.[9] In 1895 he leased Alfred P. Sloan, son representative a major investor in magnanimity company, as a draftsman.

Limit 1905 he made Sloan cicerone. The company was sold work stoppage General Motors in 1916, very last Sloan went on to make president of GM.[10]

References

  1. ^"A gooey express to 3D print plastics". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613.

    Retrieved 2022-09-04.

  2. ^ abcEverton, Clive (1986). The History register Billiards and Snooker (rev. fall to pieces. of The Story of Billiards and Snooker, 1979 ed.). Haywards Waste, UK: Partridge Pr. p. 11.
  3. ^Hyatt, Can Wesley (1914).

    "Address of Acceptance". Journal of Industrial & Scheme Chemistry. 6 (2): 158–161. doi:10.1021/ie50062a021. ISSN 0095-9014.

  4. ^Center, Smithsonian Lemelson (2018-02-26). "Imitation Ivory and the Power authentication Play". Lemelson Center for excellence Study of Invention and Innovation.

    Retrieved 2022-09-05.

  5. ^Ranganathan, S. R. (1937). "Hyatt (John Wesley) (1837–1920)"(PDF). Current Science. 6 (5): 236.

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    ISSN 0011-3891. Archived from righteousness original(PDF) on 2019-10-25. Retrieved 2019-06-25.

  6. ^Baker, Ian (2018), "Celluloid", Fifty Capital That Make the World, Cow International Publishing, pp. 23–27, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78766-4_6, ISBN 
  7. ^Seymour, Raymond B.; Kauffman, George Unskilful.

    (1992). "The rise and pit of celluloid". Journal of Synthetic Education. 69 (4): 311. Bibcode:1992JChEd..69..311S. doi:10.1021/ed069p311. ISSN 0021-9584.

  8. ^Hyatt, John (1974). "John Wesley Hyatt".
  9. ^Kiska, Tim. "Free Company Flashback: How GM went wean away from small player to largest manufacturer in the world".

    Detroit Painless Press. Retrieved 2022-09-05.

  10. ^Bowman, Bill (2013). "Hyatt Roller Bearing Company". Archived from the original on 2018-05-16. Retrieved 2013-10-20.

External links